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5 YouTube channels turning science vlogging into must-see entertainment

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Science. It’s a part of our everyday life but not always a part of our entertainment, especially children’s entertainment. If you are looking to inject some exciting science into your family’s life, these five rock-star women have your back. They are all the stars of some amazing YouTube channels working to show how cool and entertaining science and engineering can be. Check them out and subscribe to get a constant feed of science entertainment you can rely on and fantastic role models for young girls looking to go into STEM.

More: 11 building toys that helped turn me into an engineer

Simone’s Robots

Simone Giertz

239,000 Subscribers

Simone has gotten somewhat famous for her amazingly entertaining robots doing everyday tasks really badly. She is a self-described “Maker/robotics enthusiast/non-engineer” that is “somewhat of an expert in shitty robots.” Her robots do their best to do human tasks, but they aren’t quite up to par, and trust me, it is worth a watch. Her videos combined have over 12 million views, her most popular contraption being the breakfast machine.

Simone's Robots

Simone's Robots

Gross Science

Anna Rothschild

67,000 Subscribers

Produced by PBS Digital Studios, this show is about Anna showing off more than the pretty parts of science of this channel. She doesn’t gloss over the parts of science that some other people might not want to talk about! They have new shows every Monday, giving you a weekly dose of some gross science fun.

Anna Rothschild

Anna Rothschild

BrainCraft

Vanessa Hill

294,000 Subscribers

In another great PBS Digital Studios production, Vanessa tells all of the awesomely complex stories of the brain in simple-to-understand ways. Every Thursday, Vanessa explores psychology, neuroscience and why we act the way we do. The most famous BrainCraft video explores our moral decision-making process by making you think about the famous trolley problem.

Vanessa Hill

Vanessa Hill

More: I want girls to grow up and feel inspired to join STEM fields

Home of Shed Science

Sally Le Page

23,000 Subscribers

Sally Le Page is a British biologist at the University of Oxford and uses her YouTube channel to help explain biology. All filmed in a shed, Shed Science takes topics ranging from evolution to behavior to DNA and makes them accessible. Sally uses every tool possible, from music to costumes to animation, in order to show just how interesting biology really is.

Sally Le Page

Sally Le Page

Physics Girl

Dianna Cowern

446,000 Subscribers

Since 2012, Dianna has been uploading videos explaining science topics and everyday puzzles that can be solved with physics. Dianna researched dark matter as an undergraduate at MIT and low-metallicity stars as a research fellow at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. Her videos are high quality and great for kids to watch as well!

Dianna Cowern

Dianna Cowern

More: 9 organizations committed to helping girls kick butt in tech fields


After-School Satan Club may be coming to school near you

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When most parents think about after-school activities, we think about choir or math club, or maybe even an elementary school book club. But that's not quite what one Massachusetts group has in mind. Instead, the Satanic Temple in Salem wants to bring "After-School Satan Club" to an elementary school near you.

The Satanic Temple has chapters in Utah, Boston, Michigan, New York, Florida, Pennsylvania, Arizona and several other U.S. states. This week they're petitioning public elementary school officials to allow students to attend Satanic worship clubs after class as a means of exposing children to alternative beliefs. The group told The Washington Post their club meetings will include snacks, lessons in literature and science, puzzles and art projects. Each child will also receive a membership card, but they must have a signed parental permission slip in order to attend meetings. After all, Satan doesn't want to piss off Mom and Dad.

More: This Teen Mom star can't take a vacation from parenting critics

While Satanic worship might seem an odd choice for an after-school activity, the club is actually intended to teach kids that they have a choice when it comes to their religious beliefs. The Good News Club, which is a Christian-based after-school group backed by the Children's Evangelism Fellowship, holds meetings in 3,560 schools — about 5 percent of all public schools in the U.S. The Satanic Temple simply wants equal representation.

In 2001, the Supreme Court ruled that it's a violation of free-speech rights to prevent an after-school club from operating based on the religious beliefs of its sponsors. Based on that decision, the Satanic Temple is fully within its rights to create their own elementary school groups, and they've even turned to crowdfunding to raise money for their cause.

More: Bobby Brown gives new baby a name that totally rocks

If Satan Club does end up in schools, it's fair to say it probably won't be the most popular activity on the bulletin board. Most parents see the words "Satanic Temple" and immediately picture their kids dressed in all black, chanting in a strange language and taking direction from an enchanted talking serpent à la Eve in the Garden of Good and Evil — that's a hard stigma to overcome. But the club seems to be focused less on encouraging the active worship of Satan and more on attempting to foster an appreciation for thought, reason and personal choice. It's worth it to consider their message about religious freedom and the dangers of only exposing kids to one system of beliefs.

Religion is often passed down in families, and kids are encouraged to believe whatever their parents believe. There's nothing wrong with sharing a message of faith about which you feel strongly, but it's not our job as parents to force our kids into a particular belief system or to prevent them from being exposed to other ideas. As parents, we instill values and morals at home, but we still have to send our kids out into the world armed with the lessons we've given them and allow them to make up their own minds.

More: A lazy mom's guide to back-to-school without all the stress

The Satanic Temple will no doubt face opposition to their Satan Club, especially from particularly religious parents or people who misunderstand what they're trying to accomplish. But teaching kids about different religions and beliefs, and even the absence of particular beliefs, is an important part of preparing them for a diverse world. Just because a Satan Club exists doesn't mean someone's child has to attend, and if they want to, what's the worst that could happen? It's a learning experience, after all, and it's important for parents to remember that exposure is not "the Devil."

I’m an Asian woman and I'm not who you think I am

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“Could I see the drink menu?”

The shock on the bartender’s face told me he was not expecting me to sound the way I did. I was in Miami for a conference and wanted to explore the town the evening before the seminars began. The clouds looked ominous as I headed out, but my Lyft driver assured me passing thunderstorms were the norm in this part of the country. “It’ll clear up in a few minutes,” he told me as he dropped me off. As soon as I started wandering around the artsy Wynwood District, the sprinkles turned into a downpour, and I ducked under the awning of a small Italian restaurant.

“Come inside,” the host offered, opening the door. “It’s safer in here.”

But instead of letting up, the storm rattled the windows, and the view outside became one wet blur. "We’re not in California anymore," I thought. "Might as well stay for dinner."

“What’s better? Spaghetti alle vongole or linguine carbonara?” I asked the bartender.

“Linguine indiavolata,” he replied.

As I ate my pasta with giant prawns, I chatted with the young bartender with the thick Italian accent. The two women seated next to me periodically paused their own private conversation in Portuguese to interject into the group. I felt a sense of curiosity around me.

“Where are you from?”

“Is this your first time in South Florida?”

“What brings you here?”

During my 24 hours in Miami, I had only seen two other Asians — a couple sitting at the far corner of the hotel pool speaking only to each other in Mandarin. That morning, as I walked into a coffee shop, all heads turned to look at me. At the time, I thought it was because I wasn’t one of the toned, 20-something South Beach denizens just emerging from spin class, but I later wondered if it was because my skin and my features didn’t look like everyone else’s. When I touched the screen of my phone to call for a ride, several times my requests were canceled by the driver without any explanation. When another driver finally arrived, he openly volunteered that he doesn’t like taking black women as passengers because they “get drunk and are too loud.”

 “I hope that doesn’t affect your impression of all black women,” I told him. What kind of notions did he have about Asian women? I wondered if I was the first Asian-American my dinner companions had ever had an extended conversation with. While Miami-Dade County is cosmopolitan and diverse, it’s less than 2 percent Asian, compared with Asians making up 6 percent of the overall American population. And there are swaths of the United States where there are even fewer of us.

As the rain let up, I asked for the check, hoping to visit some of the neighborhood’s famous murals and art galleries before it got too dark. But I kept thinking about the conversation at the bar. How many Americans don’t have any Asian friends, coworkers or neighbors? Their main exposure to us is what they see on television, in movies or in books — if there are any representations at all. When those images are few or only focus on foreigners with hard-to-understand accents or when the characters are simply sidekicks without well-developed personalities, people might get the idea that those stereotypes represent all Asians. From my attempts at finding books with Asian-American themes for my own kids, I know the choices are slim. And when it comes to the screen, Asian characters — let alone positive role models — are even fewer. Sure, it’s getting better, with a handful of TV shows such as Fresh Off the Boat, Dr. Ken or Master of None showing Asian-American families, it’s still only a handful — versus decades of erasure or minor characters playing villains or servants.

So when young adult author Ellen Oh approached me last spring about joining in the #WhitewashedOUT online movement, I was in. Spurred by the casting of white women to play characters that were originally Japanese and Tibetan in two major upcoming blockbuster films (Ghost in the Machine and Dr. Strange), actors, filmmakers and writers hosted a series of Twitter chats each Tuesday morning during the month of May to call attention to the way Asians have been whitewashed out of the narratives we see on the big screen. Two years ago, I joined many of the same organizers for the #WeNeedDiverseBooks initiative. I wrote blog posts and tweeted as part of a movement calling for more inclusion of people of color, LGBT people and people with disabilities in the children’s publishing world. That campaign has since grown into a nonprofit organization offering classes, scholarships and publishing contests for aspiring authors of color.

The whole reason I was in Miami was to attend the Voices of Our Nation writing workshop, a step toward publishing my own books, the next step in my journey that has included reporting on Asian-American communities and blogging about my own mixed-race family at HapaMama. American culture seems increasingly divided between inclusiveness and those who hearken back to a time when diverse voices were not given the opportunity to be heard, when Asian women like myself were only portrayed as demure Madame Butterfly-type tragic lovers or conniving, hyper-sexualized Dragon Ladies. I want it to be commonplace for Asian-American women to have big-screen adventures and complicated internal lives, and for audiences to think, “That looks like a great movie!” not “That movie is for the foreign market,” or “Is that an Asian book?”

At the end of an inspiring week, I climbed into a car on my way to the airport. The driver looked at me and asked, “Where are you from?”

I took a deep breath and thought about how to answer that question, but before I could say anything the driver offered his own guess.

 “LA?”

Perhaps the narrative is slowly changing. And I want my stories to be part of that.

Grace Hwang Lynch is a speaker at the #BlogHer16 conferencethe premier event for women online taking place from August 4 – 6, 2016, in Los Angeles, California. Don’t wait! See the agenda and all the speakers and get your ticket now.

Blake and Gwen don't represent most people's journey to healing after divorce

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Blake Shelton has recently credited his relationship with Gwen Stefani for getting him through his divorce. While Blake and Gwen seem to have a great relationship that developed and grew that worked out for them, it is not necessary to have another relationship to feel better after a loss.

More: The Bachelorette: Men Tell All gets it wrong about love

Replacing one relationship with another isn't always such a good idea. The timing seems lucky for them, but it's important not to jump into a new relationship to replace the old one because it won't necessarily heal you after a breakup or divorce. It can be part of the healing process, but it is by no means a foolproof method.

So much emphasis on social media goes into whom is dating and marrying whom, but being single is really a time to understand yourself and prepared for future relationships. I understand that most people like to be with a partner and try to replace an old relationship with a new one as fast as they can, but there is nothing wrong with taking the time to learn about yourself as an individual instead of a couple.

More: Stop condemning celebs for deleting pics of their ex on social media

The time for healing after a relationship ends can be invaluable. Being alone is a great time to focus on individuality and self-care. It's a useful time to figure out what relationship patterns you need to shift for the next one. Being content without a relationship is much more valuable then always being in a relationship.

Yes, new relationships are exciting and fun — much more appealing than feeling sad and lonely — but as a marriage and family therapist, I would recommend learning to accept the uncomfortable feelings of being without relationship. You cannot heal or grow by ignoring negative feelings. It’s a time to put yourself first. Figure out what you want and what your values are after such a huge transition before you jump into a new relationship. It'll help the next time around be much more successful.

More: The Bachelorette overnight dates reveal a whole lotta loving going on

After seven long years, Michael Douglas' son is a free man

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It's been nearly seven long years, but Michael Douglas' son Cameron is finally out from behind bars.

More: Michael Douglas and Catherine Zeta-Jones are going country

Cameron, who has been open about his struggles with addiction, was sentenced to five years in prison in 2010 for possession of heroin and selling meth. He later had two years added to his sentence after he admitted to smuggling drugs into prison. He spent those two years in solitary confinement at Maryland's Cumberland Federal Correctional Institute.

Even though Cameron's release was scheduled for 2018, People magazine has learned that he's currently living in a halfway house in Brooklyn, New York.

Michael Douglas shares Cameron with his ex-wife of 23 years, Diandra Douglas. The pair divorced in 2000. Michael has spoken little about Cameron, but shortly after his son's arrest, he told reporters he was "holding up fine."

More: Douglas and Zeta-Jones: Strong marriage at last

"It's a very difficult situation and painful, as I'm sure any mother or father of a substance abuser knows," he said at the time. "So we're doing the best we can."

However, Michael has regularly visited Cameron in prison and has advocated for prison reformation, especially since Cameron spent so much time in solitary confinement.

"I see him twice a month now because he's incarcerated closer to our home," Michael told People magazine. "He's a drug addict, but he's done more than his fair share of time for it."

Cameron himself has spoken out about harsh punishments that are given to nonviolent drug offenders. He penned an open letter for Huffington Post in 2013, writing, "This outdated system pays little, if any, concern to the disease of addiction, and instead punishes it more harshly than many violent crimes. I'm not saying that I didn't deserve to be punished, or that I'm worthy of special treatment. I made mistakes and I'll gladly and openly admit my faults. However, I seem to be trapped in a vicious cycle of relapse and repeat, as most addicts are. Unfortunately, whereas the effective remedy for relapse should be treatment, the penal system's "answer" is to lock the door and throw away the key."

More: 6 female celebs who married much older men

How to heal from a breast infection naturally

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Sore, achy boobs, along with flu-like symptoms, may be one of the most unpleasant — and most unexpected — hurdles you face as a new breastfeeding mom. While the symptoms of a breast infection, aka mastitis, can’t be ignored, there are a few natural remedies that can make the healing process faster and easier.

According to the latest CDC Breastfeeding Report Card from 2014, breastfeeding rates are on the rise but still remain shaky. As of 2011, 79 percent of new moms started to breastfeed, with numbers quickly dropping by the time a baby turned 6 months old. These fledgling numbers may point to a lack of breastfeeding education and support, especially in the workplace, and being thrown a curveball, like sore nipples or mastitis, certainly doesn’t help.

“If you have ever had mastitis when breastfeeding, it is classically a memorable experience. Mastitis is a breast infection occurring as a result of a clogged milk duct unable to drain properly, causing harmful bacteria to build up," Dr. Sherry Ross, OB-GYN and women’s health expert at Providence Saint John’s Health Center in Santa Monica, tells SheKnows. "Other ways to get mastitis is from bacteria on your skin and baby’s mouth entering the milk ducts and from stagnant milk that attracts dangerous bacteria. Mastitis can also occur in women who are not lactating or breastfeeding as a result of breast trauma, diabetes, steroid use or excessive smoking.” 

As Dr. Ross points out, if you’ve ever had the “pleasure” of having mastitis, you’ll know it. Before you throw in the towel on breastfeeding, here’s what you can do to address the infection so it doesn’t get worse.

1. Visit your doctor right away

A new mother’s health can be fragile in the early days after having a baby, making it extra important to visit your doctor if you notice any symptoms of concern. Dr. Ross explains, “Symptoms of mastitis include a fever, muscle aches and fatigue, similar to having the flu. The breast affected will be extremely tender, painful and swollen. A warm, red rash, often in a wedge-shaped pattern, may also be seen on the affected breast. Breastfeeding mastitis only affects one breast.”

Mastitis is most common among new moms in the first six weeks after delivery, Dr. Candice Daneshvar, a board-certified OB-GYN in Beverly Hills, says. She continues, “It often occurs in the setting of various breastfeeding problems that typically cause prolonged engorgement or poor drainage, such as partial blockage of milk duct, pressure on the breast, oversupply of milk, infrequent feedings, nipple excoriation or cracking. The diagnosis of mastitis is based on clinical signs and symptoms, not lab tests.”

More: I never expected potty training to be so much like having a newborn

Like Doctors Ross and Daneshvar, Deedra Franke, the lactation consultant at Mercy Medical Center in Baltimore, also urges new moms to contact their health care provider to have a breast exam if any of the above symptoms appear. She adds, “Consider having a lactation consultant examine your breast and baby’s breastfeeding to get an understanding of the cause of infection.”

2. Use a warm compress

After a doctor has made a diagnosis, most likely prescribing an antibiotic to wipe out the infection, home care is the next step. Dr. Ross says, “Treatment involves using a warm compress to the affected breast, pumping regularly and taking an effective antibiotic. The good news is you can still breastfeed with mastitis as long as the antibiotic is safe with nursing.”

Dr. Daneshvar suggests alternating hot and cold — using cold compresses or ice packs to reduce local pain and swelling, along with heat packs or a hot shower to relieve an inflamed, clogged duct.

3. Massage the breast

Franke also endorses using warm compresses on an infected breast, and she says that massaging a breast while nursing or pumping can improve milk expression and provide added pain relief. For mastitis massage, Dr. Daneshvar recommends “massaging the affected breast from the outside circumference of the breast, inwards towards the nipple.”

Next up: Empty the breasts completely

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4. Empty the breasts completely

To give an infected breast the opportunity to heal — and to prevent mastitis from occurring in the first place — it can help to completely empty a breast every time you nurse. Dr. Daneshvar tells her patients to empty breasts fully by using ongoing breastfeeding, pumping and/or hand expression at each feeding. “Do not stop breastfeeding because of treatment,” she says.

More: Cool and exotic girl names that are 'just' quirky enough but not too much

5. Pay attention to clogged ducts

As is the case with most health problems, and especially breastfeeding struggles, the best treatment is always prevention. “Mastitis is a bacterial infection that requires antibiotics. If left untreated, it can progress to breast abscess, which may require surgical treatment,” Laurie MacLeod, a midwife at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, says. “If a woman has only a plugged duct, which is typically the precursor to mastitis, it is OK to manage this with nonmedical treatment. Emptying the breast can be helpful in addition to warm compresses and massage at the site. If a patient has a fever, malaise, body aches, warmth or redness in the breast, she should call her health care provider immediately.”

6. Get a better nursing bra

Sometimes it really is that easy. As part of mastitis prevention and to manage discomfort after an infection has occurred, MaryJo Butler, RN, lactation specialist at St. Louis Children’s Hospital, says, “Wearing a supportive brassiere that is not constricting can help reduce discomfort with movement.”

More: Breastfeeding just got the Mad Libs-style treatment it deserves

7. Take care of yourself

Sore and infected breasts can make you feel like a total flop as a new mom, but take comfort in the fact that many of us have been there before. Mastitis, which may affect up to 20 percent of new moms, can serve as a great reminder to take things slow, take care of yourself and try to enjoy this quiet time with your new baby. At this time, Butler says, “Mothers should be encouraged to stay hydrated — rest for the mother is imperative.”

And when all else fails, Dr. Daneshvar suggests popping a few anti-inflammatory meds, like ibuprofen or Motrin, as you kick back and allow your breast to heal.

Originally published January 2011. Updated July 2016.

David Bowie's grandchild gets a legendary name

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David Bowie died on Jan. 10 knowing he was to become a grandfather, and six months to the date of his death, his son, Duncan Jones, welcomed his first child — a baby boy with wife Rodene Ronquillo.

More: The best Islamic baby boy names are rich in history

Film director Jones shared the happy news on Twitter in the early hours of Saturday morning, revealing that the couple had given their son a name that paid tribute to his family: Stenton David Jones.

Bowie grandson baby name

Bowie grandson baby name

Stenton is for Bowie’s own father, Haywood Stenton Jones, while David — meaning "beloved" —  is, of course, a tribute to the famous grandfather (Bowie’s real name was David Robert Jones).

Stenton doesn't appear on any of the baby name charts, but it's far from a passing trend. It may be an unusual choice, but Stenton is said to be an Old English baby boy name meaning "from the rocky farm or estate."

The baby name Bowie has surged in popularity over the past six months, but that would have been far too obvious a choice for Jones and Ronquillo. Instead, they've chosen a strong, powerful name that pays tribute to not just one but two male relatives — one of whom the world will never forget.

More: This printable guide is about to solve all your baby-naming squabbles

Jones, who directed Moon (2009) and Warcraft (2016), announced the pregnancy a month after Bowie’s death from cancer, referring to it on Twitter as the "circle of life."

The 45-year-old new dad — who has been estranged from his mother, Angie Bowie, since her divorce from Bowie in 1980 — also paid tribute to his wife on Twitter, writing, "All my love and awe to the incredible @rodeneronquillo who made a human being in her belly. Warrior woman & every day, my hero."

In another lovely turn of events, the news of the arrival of Bowie’s first grandchild came on the same night that the BBC Proms paid tribute to the musical icon with a special themed performance.

More: Meet the British family giving the Duggars a run for their money

Before you go, check out our slideshow below:

80s onesies
Image: Mike Commins/SheKnows

5 compound butter recipes that will make your cooking taste even better

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What is compound butter? The long answer is that it's a little slice of heaven that is so darn addictive and so easy to make that you're probably going to wipe out an entire recipe in one afternoon. The short answer is that compound butter is what you get when you add any ingredient to regular butter to improve its texture or flavor.

We've got five different recipes for the good stuff, with just one set of directions. Whip up an earthy butter, a fruity butter, a cheese-infused butter, a smoky/spicy butter and a sweet butter that your dinner guests will go crazy for.

compound butter recipes
Image: Carolyn Stalnaker/SheKnows

Whether you're spreading it on bread or adding a bit to your chicken, vegetables, grilled meats or fish, compound butters take your food (and your senses) up a notch. These recipes can easily be halved, and any seasonings can be adjusted to your liking. You can also give one of these mouthwatering homemade spreads as a holiday or hostess gift, packaged simply in a Mason jar with a ribbon. And remember: A pinch of kosher or sea salt brings out and heightens natural flavors.

5 Compound butter recipes
Image: Carolyn Stalnaker/SheKnows

How to make compound butter

Inspired by Your Homebased Mom

1. Herb-garlic butter recipe

Ingredients:

  • 2 sticks unsalted butter, at room temperature
  • 1 tablespoon heavy cream
  • 2 garlic cloves, smashed and finely chopped
  • 1 tablespoon freshly chopped rosemary
  • 1 tablespoon freshly chopped thyme
  • 1 tablespoon freshly chopped sage
  • 1 pinch each salt and pepper

More: 21 reasons peanut butter and chocolate is the most heavenly combination

2. Citrus-tarragon butter recipe

Ingredients:

  • 2 sticks unsalted butter, at room temperature
  • Zest from 4 clementines (or 1 large orange)
  • Juice from 2 clementines (or juice from 1/2 orange)
  • 2 tablespoons finely chopped fresh tarragon
  • 1 pinch salt

Next up: Blue cheese and chive butter recipe

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3. Blue cheese and chive butter recipe

Ingredients:

  • 2 sticks unsalted butter, at room temperature
  • 4 tablespoons blue cheese (more or less, depending on how strong the cheese is)
  • 2 tablespoons freshly chopped chives
  • 1 pinch salt (only if necessary)

More: 5 delicious excuses to eat even more cookie butter

4. Smoked paprika-jalapeño butter recipe

Ingredients:

  • 2 sticks unsalted butter, at room temperature
  • 2 tablespoons smoked paprika
  • 2 jalapeño peppers, pulp and seeds removed, very finely diced
  • 1 pinch salt

5. Spiced brown sugar butter with walnuts and raisins recipe

Ingredients:

  • 2 sticks unsalted butter, at room temperature
  • 2-1/2 tablespoons dark brown sugar
  • 1 teaspoon pure vanilla extract
  • 1/2 teaspoon cinnamon
  • 1/2 teaspoon nutmeg
  • 1/4 cup toasted walnuts, chopped
  • 1/4 cup raisins

More: Homemade butter recipe

5 Compound butter recipes
Image: Carolyn Stalnaker/SheKnows

Directions for all compound butters

  1. To a large glass or steel mixing bowl, add all the ingredients. Using an electric hand mixer, beat all the ingredients until well incorporated and fluffy. (If you do not have an electric hand mixer, you can do this by hand using a strong spoon; it will just take a bit more work.)
  2. Place a medium-size piece of plastic wrap onto a clean, flat surface. Using silicone spatulas, gather the butter together in the bowl, and then spoon the butter mixture onto the center of the plastic wrap.
  3. Grab the bottom portion of the plastic wrap, pull it up over the butter, and form the wrap around the butter, rolling and forming a log shape. Twist the ends of the plastic wrap, and place the butter in the fridge to set.
5 Compound butter recipes
Image: Carolyn Stalnaker/SheKnows

Tip: Compound butters are best eaten within a few days but can be frozen until ready to use. To freeze the butter, wrap the log in parchment paper and then in plastic wrap (or place in a zip-close bag, sealing out the air), and then wrap snugly in aluminum foil. Label the butter, and place it in the freezer for up to two months.

Originally published November 2013. Updated July 2016.


What your body is really craving after your workout (spoiler: It's not actually doughnuts)

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For our Tone It Up Nutrition Plan, Karena and I are always creating fun, new protein-packed smoothies, muffins, pancakes and meals so that our community can reach all their fitness goals. But we constantly get asked, "What's the deal with protein?" A common misconception is that it will cause women to “bulk up.” This couldn’t be further from the truth as protein is necessary for everyday life and has a TON of roles in the body.

More: 5 ways to stay healthy and fit before your wedding day (even with the cake tastings)

What does protein even do?

The functional units of protein are amino acids. Think of them as bricks to protein building. Your body can make the majority of amino acids itself, but there are 9 that you need to eat in order to use. These are the “essential amino acids.” Together, amino acids create hormones, aid in muscle repair, help with proper functioning of antibodies, make up enzymes and regulate fluids in your body. If you’re low on the pro, you could be looking at symptoms ranging from hair loss to edema.

Doesn’t it make you bulk up?

The reason your muscles get bigger is from putting extreme stresses in the form of weight lifting on them. Eating more protein won’t make your muscles suddenly get huge. The amount of protein you need mostly depends on your weight. The way you figure out how many grams you need per day is by multiplying your weight in kilograms by .8. So yeah, a 200-pound male weight lifter is going to need more protein than a 130-pound woman.

More: The only workout items you'll ever need for at-home fitness

Where should we be getting protein from?

The important thing here is to remember that there are 9 amino acids that your body can’t make, so taking these in each day is crucial. You can get complete proteins from all meat, including fish, beef, chicken and pork. Not a huge fan of animal products? No problem! You can get complete proteins throughout the day by eating a variety of foods! Seeds, nuts, grains and legumes are all great sources of incomplete proteins that, when combined, can give you everything you need. Plus, things like quinoa and goji berries are all-natural, plant-based sources of complete protein!

What’s the deal with protein powder?

Protein powder is an efficient way to get the complete protein your body requires. It’s especially great to have after exercising. During a workout, your muscles create micro tears as a result from strength training or cardio. These tears are what your body rebuilds in order to make your muscles stronger. For all this to happen, you need protein… and you need it kind of fast. Just around 30 minutes after your workout has ended is prime protein time. Our organic, non-GMO Perfect Fit Protein is an incredible way to get the protein you need. It’s made with pumpkin seed and pea protein to give you all your essential amino acids in one scoop! We mix one scoop with 8 ounces of coconut water for an immediate protein boost. If you want to make your protein more of a meal, try a smoothie! We are always experimenting with new flavors and fun combos on our Perfect Fit Instagram.

Now that you’ve got the scoop on protein, make sure to feed your body the good stuff! Craving even more info about the pro-pro? Check out our Tone It Up Nutrition Plan! It’s packed with all the information you need to know about protein, carbs, fat, vitamins and minerals! Plus, it comes with over 2,000 recipes to implement all your new knowledge!

More: It's time to stop judging our health goals against fitness models

Paris Jackson's got a new tattoo and we may have figured out its meaning

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Paris Jackson has never been shy about showing off her ink.

More: Paris Jackson is completely and utterly livid over those intervention rumors

And when Michael Jackson's daughter gets a new tattoo, it often comes with special meaning — she's gotten tats to commemorate her late father, to cover up her self-harm scars from when she was younger and to show off her biggest musical influences, including Prince and David Bowie.

On Sunday, Jackson showed off her newest piece of body art, a pair of feathers along with red and teal beads tucked behind her right ear. In the caption of the photo, which she shared on Instagram, she wrote simply, "couldn't ever ask for better ink than from my man @dermagraphink!" in a shoutout to her tattoo artist.

Paris Jackson feather tattoo

Paris Jackson feather tattoo

That left Jackson's fans and followers to figure out on their own whether there's any meaning behind her new tattoo, and they took to the comments immediately to look for more information.

"Love it! does it represent anything?" one commenter asked. Others speculated about what the meaning might be, including one who guessed, "Birds of a feather fly together? X beautiful xx."

More: Debbie Rowe's cancer may help her & Paris Jackson mend their relationship

With a little Googling, it's easy to find a lot of possible meanings for a feather tattoo. Feathers symbolize a lot of things, from Native American spirituality to ancient Egyptian air gods. But in all the meanings, there's one common theme: freedom. In almost all of their iterations, feathers symbolize the wearer's ability to break free from earthly ties, meaning anything that might be holding them back. Does that mean that Jackson's new tattoo symbolizes her freedom from addiction?

Regardless of the meaning behind it, Jackson's newest ink is gorgeous and we completely love it.

More: Paris and Prince Jackson reunite for an epic outing to the tattoo parlor

What do you think Paris Jackson's new tattoo means?

Before you go, check out our slideshow below:

celebrity tattoos slideshow

Live! knows more about Kelly Ripa's future co-host than they're letting on

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The wait for Kelly Ripa’s Live! co-host is going to be a little longer. Although there have been plenty of fan favorites — and some that Ripa adored — the producers aren’t going to pick anyone unless they know that person will stick around long term.

If it sounds like they’re reacting to the situation with Michael Strahan, they totally are. An insider talked to Page Six about the transition and revealed producers want to find someone loyal because of him. They also know that the person who’s getting the permanent seat next to Ripa is getting a lot of built-in perks.

More: All of Kelly Ripa's co-hosts since Michael Strahan left — ranked

The insider said, ''It's a highly coveted job. There's no other show where the co-host gets to have their name in the title of the show — you don't get that kind of prominence. Just being in the mix is helpful to their careers and reputation.”

Despite fans having shown their preference for some temporary co-hosts, the insider said the producers still aren't sold on anyone. They've got some shocking names they've already crossed off the list, though. According to this insider, "Rob [Lowe], Jeff [Gordon] and Mario [Lopez] are not getting the job.” 

That's a little heartbreaking for some, but it doesn't come as a major shock because all three of those men have other commitments that they would prioritize over Live!

More: Live! execs can keep Kelly Ripa in the dark, but they can't keep her quiet

It’s comforting to know that the producers of the show are taking Ripa seriously now. They aren’t going to give her just anyone and risk going through another fiasco like the one they had when Strahan left. They are making sure that they give her someone who values the show as much as she does.

Ripa herself seems to be fine with the time it’s taking. Previously, she told People, "The decision is such a big decision. It's so beyond just me. Of course, I think that it's really the audience loves a co-host search.”

She also said that she’s willing to do the search for as long as the audience is down with it too. I’d just like to throw it out there, again, and suggest that it just be Ripa’s show forever. She’s the reason people come back every morning, anyway.

More: Kelly Ripa tried to address the drama — but I really think she avoided the whole thing

Before you go, check out our slideshow below:

kelly ripa family slideshow'
Image: WENN

10 fun lunch ideas that don't involve sandwiches

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Remember the disappointment of opening your lunchbox to find the same turkey and wilted iceberg lettuce sandwich for the third (or 30th) day in a row? This school year you can save your kids from the same fate. These school lunch ideas don't involve sandwiches, so your kids will get the variety they crave. And who knows? Maybe you'll enjoy them too.

Most of these can be prepared the night before.

More: 6 Mom-approved ideas for packing better lunches

1. English muffin pizzas

Pre-toast a halved multigrain English muffin (to prevent sogginess), top each half with a little pizza sauce, some shredded low-fat, part-skim mozzarella and two slices of turkey pepperoni, and broil until the cheese is melted.

2.Tortilla roll-ups

Spread a large, whole-grain tortilla with a thin layer of low-fat veggie cream cheese, and layer on a few slices of turkey deli meat, a few leaves of romaine and some thin slices of tomato. Roll it tightly like a jelly roll, and slice it into 1-inch pieces.

3. Chuck-and-toss chicken salad

In a quart-size plastic container, layer your kid's fave veggies, and top with about a cup of mixed greens and chicken. Cover with a lid, and include a small container with 2 tablespoons of your child's favorite dressing. Instruct your kiddo to open the container, pour in the dressing, replace the lid and shake, shake, shake to combine. You can also include a handful of croutons, plain popcorn or sunflower seeds to add a little crunch.

More: It's OK if you don't make amazing lunches for your kid

4. Veggie quesadillas

On a baking sheet, layer a 6-inch whole-wheat tortilla with 1/4 cup of shredded cheddar, top with 1/4 cup of prepared Southwest blend frozen vegetables, and top with another tortilla. Bake at 350 degrees F until the cheese melts. Don't forget to send them to school with hot sauce or salsa, sour cream and/or guacamole.

5. Buffalo chicken lettuce wraps

Mix 1/3 cup of cooked, shredded chicken with 1-1/2 tablespoons of Buffalo sauce. Send your kids to school with two leaves of hearts of romaine, the Buffalo chicken, a tablespoon of crumbled blue cheese and 2 teaspoons of ranch or blue cheese dressing, with instructions to nest the lettuce and top it with chicken, cheese and dressing. Don't forget to pack some celery and/or carrot sticks.

6. Better-for-you chicken nuggets with light honey mustard dipping sauce

Mix 1/4 cup of light sour cream with 1-1/2 teaspoons each of honey and Dijon mustard (pack with a bag of ice). Send your kids off to school with seven prepared Applegate Naturals fully cooked frozen chicken nuggets (or other brand that makes antibiotic-, filler- and chemical preservative-free nuggets) and a mix of fresh vegetables.

More: Toxic lunch containers: Here's exactly what you need to avoid

7. No-cook tomato sauce with leftover pasta

In a 2-cup container with a lid, combine two small finely chopped plum tomatoes, a dash of garlic powder, 2 tablespoons of diced green bell pepper, a dash (or pinch) of dried basil, a tablespoon of olive oil, a dash of salt and a little black or crushed red pepper. Send your child to school with that and a cup of cooked rotini in a plastic baggie. The flavors of the sauce will blend by lunchtime, and they can add the pasta to the sauce container when they're ready. A little Parmesan cheese on the side is a nice touch!

8. Better-than Lunchables

Pack nine round pita crackers or chips, nine thin slices of cheddar cheese and nine slices of turkey summer sausage with a heaping tablespoon of stone-ground mustard. Make sure you send veggies as a side.

9. Chopped baker

Chop a hot baked potato into chunks, and put it in a thermos. Add hot grilled vegetables and sliced, grilled smoked chicken sausage. Add a pat or two of butter or olive oil with a pinch of sauce.

10. Kid-friendly vegan spring rolls

Press tofu slices into a mixture of cornmeal, Parmesan and cornstarch, and fry until crisp, turning halfway through. Cut into matchsticks. Place a small amount of soaked rice noodles in a line down the middle of a soaked rice paper, line up the tofu matchsticks and matchsticks of other vegetables (like carrots and seeded cucumbers) on top, and roll. Pack with soy sauce, peanut sauce or Greek yogurt ranch dressing.

German shepherds have unique needs — consider these 10 facts before you adopt one

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There are dog people, and then there are German shepherd dog people. I would be lost without my German shepherd, and she knows it. If you are planning to adopt a German shepherd, you probably already know a thing or two about the breed and are at serious risk of developing a GSD addiction. Here are the 10 things you really need to know before adopting a German shepherd.

1. They are smart

The first thing any prospective German shepherd adopter needs to know is that German shepherds are smart. Very smart. Scary smart. These dogs will have your routine figured out before you do, and they are extremely sensitive to human moods. How smart are German shepherds? Not only do they know what “walk” means, but they can also spell it. Backward. Have a training plan in place before you bring your GSD home, and stick to it. Their high intelligence also comes with an eagerness to please their owners. They want to use their smarts in a constructive way, so have a strategy ready to make that possible.

More: 14 things only German shepherd owners know

2. They can have high-energy needs

German shepherds are working dogs. There is a reason they are frequently used as military dogs, police dogs and service dogs. They love having a job to do, and your German shepherd is no exception. Be prepared for lots of long walks with your German shepherd and then some.

More: Top 10 large dog breeds prove that bigger is better

3. They require mental stimulation

Long walks might tire out other breeds, but not the German shepherd. In addition to daily exercise, your new German shepherd will also require some mental stimulation. Obedience classes and dog sports can be especially helpful for rescue shepherds. Classes and training give you a bonding experience that builds trust and helps your dog figure out their place in your household, and it can help you diagnose any behavior problems early on.

4. They're cuddle bugs at home but aloof in public

Don’t be surprised if your rescue German shepherd is a total cuddle bug at home but aloof and distant in public. This is trademark GSD behavior and not something to worry about.

5. German shepherds are natural guard dogs

Without proper socialization, this can sometimes turn into territorial behavior and even aggression toward strangers and other dogs. Adopting an older German shepherd means you don’t know if their previous owner took the time to socialize them. This is a risk potential GSD adopters need to be aware of so they can take the necessary precautions when bringing guests and other dogs onto their property.

More: 6 self-defense tips I learned from my German shepherd

6. They are excellent listeners

Nobody is a better listener than a German shepherd. Once you have a GSD in your life, you will never be lonely again. Those radar ears are always listening for your voice, and watching them tilt their head is sure to get a smile out of you on even the toughest day.

7. German shepherds are actually made of Velcro

It is a little-known fact about German shepherds that they are actually made of Velcro (OK, not literally). While not all shepherds are clingy, you can be sure your GSD will never be too far from you, whether you are going to the bathroom, taking a shower, gardening, watching TV, cooking or taking a nap. GSDs take loyalty very seriously.

More: I want people to stop judging my German shepherd by her looks

8. They're not ideal for first-time owners

German shepherds can be a handful. They require consistent training and a level of experience that makes them a poor choice for first-time dog owners. If you do choose to adopt a GSD for your first dog, make sure you work with an experienced trainer so that your GSD does not develop any potentially dangerous or destructive habits.

9. Not all landlords love German shepherds

Sadly, German shepherds are not always welcomed by landlords. Adopting a GSD might not be a good idea if you are renting. If you are renting, make sure to ask your landlord or property manager if you can have a GSD in your rental before you bring one home.

10. You can’t have just one

Adopting a German shepherd might seem like a harmless decision. What you might not realize is that German shepherds are like potato chips. You can't have just one. You might find yourself owning German shepherds the rest of your life, which really means you’ve been adopted into the German shepherd family — not the other way around.

More: 12 dog breeds first-time owners should think twice about

There's one catch to Lea Michele's physical flaws: They're invisible

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We knew Lea Michele was gorgeous, but that still didn't prepare us for her insanely hot nude shoot.

More: Lea Michele's new boyfriend has potential to end up being the one

The Glee actress stripped down for this month's Women's Health UK, otherwise known as The Naked Issue, and while Michele claims to be putting her physical flaws on full display for the world to see, we simply can't find any.

Lea Michele nude spread

Lea Michele nude spread

In the spread, Michele strategically covers up her assets with clever poses and her long hair worn down. She shows off several of her 14 tattoos, including "Finn" written on her left hip to commemorate her late boyfriend, Cory Monteith, who played Finn on Glee alongside Michele for four years.

More: 3 gossip topics Naya Rivera's tell-all could reveal

In her interview, Michele opened up about how she's learned to love her body, especially lately.

"Right now, I feel physically in my best shape, and emotionally in my best place," she said. "I’m not perfect. I’m not trying to represent myself as being some perfect girl, but I love myself, flaws and all."

Anyone who follows Michele on social media sees her posts about attending spin classes at SoulCycle.

"I’m not the kind of person who would go to the gym. For me, working out has to be good for my mind," she explained. "When I leave, the endorphins are buzzing, I’m glowing and I feel like I can take on the world."

In another interview with Us Weekly, she explained how she conquers her bad days.

"I have down days. I accept those days as much as the happy ones," Michele said. "[When that happens I] make some macaroni and cheese, call my mom, pour a glass of red wine and watch some reality television. There’s nothing that can’t fix."

More: Lea Michele's new tattoo is the perfect tribute to her unconventional gran

What do you think of Lea Michele's nude spread?

Before you go, check out our slideshow below:

celebrity tattoos slideshow

RHOBH just wouldn't be the same without Erika Girardi

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Erika Girardi was the only person to make the last season of The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills (aka Munchausen-gate) worth watching. She's an enigma wrapped in a riddle and cash — and she's by far the most entertaining RHOBH cast member. If she goes, I'll probably still tune in to see Lisa Rinna (because as with a train wreck, I just can't look away), but my enjoyment of the show will be cut in half.

The latest rumors were prompted by a recent report from Radar Online, which indicates that Girardi will not be back for a second season. Evidently, Bravo is scrambling to find somebody to fill the big shoes (or rather, sparkly, 7-inch stilettos) left open by Girardi. These rumors aren't exactly new, however, as Andy Cohen flat-out denied gossip surrounding Girardi's alleged firing several months ago. In fact, when a viewer advised Andy Cohen to let go of Girardi and a few other RHOBH stars, he responded, "No way!"

More: Erika Girardi's fortune could disappear before her eyes

Rumors regarding various housewife departures have been swirling for some time, so it's hard to say whether there's any truth to the latest claims surrounding Girardi. After all, as of the reunion, she seemed eager to stick around for more RHOBH drama.

Here's what we know for sure: Yolanda Hadid is definitely not coming back. She claims that she desires some semblance of privacy in her day-to-day life, but viewers suspect that she's mainly just upset about the way she was treated by the other housewives this past season. Others have theorized that she's mad about being demoted from regular to guest and has therefore retaliated by quitting altogether.

More: Kathryn Edwards defends her behavior, calls out Erika Girardi

Nobody was particularly surprised when Hadid decided to ditch RHOBH, but Girardi's alleged departure is a shocker. Despite only having been on the show one season, she really seemed like a fixture by the time the finale arrived. Also, she recently appeared at the Bravos. Why would Bravo highlight her at its big award show and then promptly fire or demote her?

More:David Foster is wasting no time moving on from Yolanda Hadid

If Girardi's on her way out, I'm convinced that it's completely voluntary. She added far too much to the show to be discarded that quickly. My guess is, if the rumors about her departure are true, it was prompted by Hadid's exit. After all, the gals are best buds. No matter the reason, the show will not be nearly as entertaining without Girardi's bluntness.

Do you want Erika Girardi to return for another season of The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills? Comment and share your opinion below.

Before you go, check out our slideshow below:

Lisa Vanderpump advice slideshow
Image: Bravo

Reality star confirms her two brothers were killed in New Orleans shooting

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Two young men killed in a shooting in New Orleans have been confirmed to be the brothers of reality star Toya Wright.

More: Eight years later, Heath Ledger's dad is pointing fingers in his death

Ryan "Rudy" Johnson and Josh Johnson were shot and killed soon after midnight on Sunday, according to police reports. Family members confirmed their identities to reporters in the New Orleans area, and on Sunday, Wright, who is the ex-wife of rapper Lil Wayne and star of BET reality shows Tiny and Toya and Toya: A Family Affair, took to Instagram to confirm that the two men were her brothers.

"Help me Lord. I will never understand this. #stoptheviolence #ineverfeltpainlikethisbefore #riptomybrothers #icantbelievethis #prayformyfamily," Wright wrote alongside a photo of her two brothers sitting side by side.

Tonya Wright brothers shot and killed in NOLA 1

Tonya Wright brothers shot and killed in NOLA 1

She also posted a video of herself and Josh singing together, as well as a screenshot from Tiny and Toya with the caption, "I'll give anything to laugh with you again. #myrudeboy #icantbelievethisisreal #RipRudy #stoptheviolence."

More: Whitney Houston & Bobbi Kristina Brown’s deaths are darker than we thought

Tonya Wright brothers shot and killed in NOLA 2

Tonya Wright brothers shot and killed in NOLA 2

Tonya Wright brothers shot and killed in NOLA 3

Tonya Wright brothers shot and killed in NOLA 3

Police have not released any information about a motive or possible suspects, and did not respond to requests for comment from People magazine.

Wright shares one daughter with Lil Wayne, who also posted on social media mourning the two men.

Alongside a photo of Ryan, Reginae Carter, daughter of Wright and Lil Wayne wrote, "Ryan , I love u ! Come back please ! I called u last night and u didn't answer ! You were my bestfriend ! You were my brother ! You were my uncle ! What do I do without u now ? My favorite ! You're gone !!!!!! Whyyyyy! Why? I would never question you God !! But why my uncles ? Why?"

More: What to know about Sir Roger Moore's family & his daughter's battle with cancer

Mama June says Honey Boo Boo's head was cut during C-section

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Pregnant ladies might want to avoid tonight's episode of Botched.

More: This Teen Mom star can't take a vacation from parenting critics

It features reality TV star Mama June, who tells doctors Terry Dubrow and Paul Nassif about the scar tissue she has as a result of her four C-sections.

Mama June claims that during the birth of her now 10-year-old daughter Alana "Honey Boo Boo" Thompson, the doctor carrying out the section cut her head open... twice!

Mama June on Botched

Mama June on Botched

More: 46 questions pregnant women should ask during their hospital tour

When the astonished doctors asked Mama June if the doctor had actually gone so deep with his scalpel that he sliced into Honey Boo Boo's forehead, the mom of four replied, "Yeah." Still, the doctors seemed amazed that this had happened, with Nassif saying that throughout his career he had "never heard of a C-section where a scalpel […] actually slices into the baby's forehead or even touches a baby."

Clearly, this is not what moms-to-be want to be hearing about (or watching on TV). But the fact that the doctors were so stunned by Mama June's revelation should offer some comfort. Of course, a Cesarean birth comes with risks — as with any major surgical procedure. While it's important to know the potential risks in order to discuss them with your health care provider and make informed decisions, it's also important not to dwell too much on what could go wrong.

According to the American Pregnancy Association, nicks or cuts to the baby during the incision are very rare. On average, 1 or 2 babies per 100 will be cut during the surgery. More than 1 in 4 women give birth by C-section, and the vast majority of moms and babies suffer no complications whatsoever.

If you're planning a Cesarean birth, the best thing you can do is arm yourself with knowledge — about the procedure itself and what to expect afterward, as well as the potential risks and complications. The prospect of giving birth — however the baby is brought into the world — is scary enough without obsessing over those horror stories that are, luckily, very rare.

More: How to heal from a breast infection naturally

Before you go, check out our slideshow below:

newborn
Image: Rana Rankin - Breathe Birth Photography

Shannen Doherty's trying to stay positive while her cancer diagnosis gets grim

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Shannen Doherty isn't giving up.

More: Shannen Doherty and 15 other celebrities who've battled cancer

The former Beverly Hills, 90210 star is battling breast cancer, and she gave an update on her battle during a new interview with Entertainment Tonight.

"I had breast cancer that spread to the lymph nodes, and from one of my surgeries we discovered that some of the cancer cells might have actually gone out of the lymph nodes," she explained. "So for that reason, we are doing chemo, and then after chemo, I'll do radiation."

She continued, "The unknown is always the scariest part. Is the chemo going to work? Is the radiation going to work? Everything else is manageable. Pain is manageable, you know, living without a breast is manageable. It's the worry of your future and how your future is going to affect the people that you love."

More: Shannen Doherty calls cops on fan who threatened suicide

Doherty received her diagnosis in February of 2015. In May, she had a mastectomy.

"[The doctor] didn't want me to wake up with absolutely nothing," she shared. "It was very important to him that I didn't have that experience, and so, he put an expander in, so I have a tiny something there. It's cute and sometimes we fill it up and make it bigger, and sometimes we reduce it."

Still, it hasn't been easy. She also spoke about one of her most humiliating experiences, a "traumatic and horrible" bra fitting after her surgery.

"I didn't think anything of it at the time," she said. "Then my mom went with me and I broke down crying in the dressing room and ran out," she said. "And then [I] sat in the car crying."

More: Shannen Doherty and Jennie Garth with shirtless Ian Ziering

Do you have a breast cancer story to share? Head down to the comments and tell us your story.

Before you go, check out our slideshow below:

breast cancer survivor quotes
Image: Tiffany Egbert/SheKnows

Victoria's Secret Bombshell perfume: Best smelling mosquito repellent ever?

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It's official: Zika-carrying mosquitoes have reached U.S. shores. Not only do you have to worry about possibly contracting the illness from other carriers, but now you can get it from the bugs themselves. But even if you're not worried about getting Zika — or West Nile, chikungunya, malaria, or any number of other mosquito-born diseases — there's the simple fact that the bloodsuckers are pretty much the most rotten insects ever to have existed thanks to their annoying buzzing and ridiculously itchy bites. Basically, we all have good reason to want the best, most effective mosquito repellent.

Well, I have good news for anyone who wants a highly effective mosquito repellent and also doesn't want to smell like they've been deep woods camping for the last week. Victoria's Secret Bombshell perfume is nearly as effective as the most hardcore DEET-containing repellents, according to a super-weird but also super-helpful study published in the Journal of Insect Science. The perfume repelled over 80 percent of mosquitoes, working nearly as well as sprays that contain 7 percent DEET. Bombshell worked way better than Avon Bug Guard and many all-natural insect repellents.

Image: Journal of Insect Science

Originally, the researchers included it somewhat as a joke. They told NPR they included it as a control, as they assumed mosquitoes would be attracted to the flowery scent. It turns out the bugs hated it with a passion. (Can't say I entirely disagree, which might be the first time in my life I've ever been on the same side as a mosquito.) Unfortunately, we don't know why it works, exactly, because the company won't say what's in the secret formulation.

"It's probably composed of dozens of secret ingredients, and maybe one or two of them are repellents," Stacy Rodriguez, the lead researcher, said in an interview. "We don't know what the active agent is."

But hey, if it works, it works! Dousing yourself in Bombshell is better than wearing a mosquito net everywhere and is probably better than bathing in DEET, a known neurotoxin. And the idea of having a perfume double as an insect repellent seems like a brilliant marketing idea.

10 theories about American Horror Story Season 6 from the first teasers

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Guys, the time has finally come. Fans have been waiting for months and months and we finally have a theme for Season 6 of American Horror Story. Well, we don't have an exact theme, but we have a few snippity teaser promos and they've got some pretty good clues in them.

You may remember a couple of weeks ago that we were given the vaguest hint when all official American Horror Story social media pages changed their photos to a red six, with what appeared to be a question mark embedded into the design. It was against a black background and literally gave fans nothing to work with. I gotta tell you, the natives were getting restless when a few weeks went by and no theme was hinted or revealed.

Finally, with the arrival of the new promos, we can breathe a sigh of relief and immediately get to work sleuthing to figure out what next season is all about. Luckily, I have taken screenshots of the various pieces of the different promos, and I think we can come up with some valuable information.

More: American Horror Story: How creepy kids could play a role in the new season

Here we go!

"What's Cooking?"

What's Cooking?

What's Cooking?

1. We have a farmhouse

Image: FX

The opening shot of the promo titled "What's Cooking?" is of a house in the middle of a field, with black smoke billowing out of the chimney. The smoke forms itself into that number six with the question mark from the earlier clue photos that the social media pages teased out weeks ago. That's weird and all, but then we hear the revving of a chainsaw and a woman scream. The Texas Chainsaw Massacre, anyone? This opens up some possibilities involving incestuous, murderous families. Horrifying.

"Descent"

Descent

Descent

2. Zombie/Hill-people hands, possibly trapped underground

Image: FX

We slide right into a clip of a woman running for her life down a set of metal stairs in the promo titled, "Descent". Hands pop up each and every way to grab at her feet (nightmare material) and they appear to be bloody and/or rotting. Are these zombie hands? I kind of hope not, because I am very over the zombie cliché happening lately. These are possibly hands of people trapped or living under stairs/underground. This looks like it is a hill-people season. That means we could see some really messed up stuff, and some truly messed-up family dynamics, in particular. These could be hill-children hands.

More: Theories about what American Horror Story Season 6 is about

3. Scratch marks

Image: FX

Another shot from "Descent" resembling that number six with a question mark. This looks like it's referring to someone trying to get out. Those look like scratches. Those hands have got to be people trapped or raised in darkness of some sort. Backwoods fun, friends.

"Lullaby"

Lullaby

Lullaby

4. That's probably not safe

Image: FX

In "Lullaby," we're introduced to what looks to be a pretty unconventional mobile. I mean, who am I to judge though, right? There is clearly a baby's bassinet with a mobile hanging over it. The mobile appears to be made from crude farming tools, like wheat reapers and sickles. That's disconcerting, to say the least.

5. What an adorable baby...

Image: FX

That's 100 percent a hill child. That's The Hills Have Eyes kind of child right there. The "Lullaby" teaser has a child's cooing noises, but then that mutated hand reaches up to grab the butcher's knife hanging from its mobile. I have a feeling that the way children will be integrated into this season will be horrifying on a level previously not considered. We are going to see some backwoods realness.

6. Farm equipment

Image: FX

This is obviously an homage to a sickle or another scary-ass piece of farm equipment that will no doubt be used to harm someone greatly.

"Sunset Stroll"

Sunset Stroll

Sunset Stroll

7. What an adorable family

Image: FX

So, in "Sunset Stroll" we now have a cute little family sauntering towards the camera in a completely non-threatening way that somehow also feels intensely aggressive. Maybe it's their old timey prairie clothes and their glowing eyes? Maybe. That may be it. This fits in really nicely with the whole Hills Have Eyes vibe that they seem to be hinting strongly at. The glowing eyes seem rather demon-ish. Also, there's a child, which Ryan Murphy mentioned would be part of his theme this season.

More: 100 bucks says AHS is about little devil children

"Post Op"

Post Op

Post Op

8. I feel like that's not super sanitary

Image: FX

In "Post Op" we have a really gnarly looking man who is lying on the ground. What I can only assume is a sadistic doctor staples his head in the shape of that question mark and the six. He then says, "Try to keep it dry" and I am glad he took the time to administer after-care instructions. The man on the floor looks dirty and deformed with long nails. Again, it fits perfectly into the whole Hills Have Eyes/ Texas Chainsaw Massacre idea. Now, the voice sounds like Wes Bentley, to be honest. I may just be hearing things but I swear it is him.

"Milli Crossing"

Milli Crossing

Milli Crossing

9. This is not a drill

Image: FX

Is that Gaga in "Milli Crossing"?! We know she is coming back but it's real now. I am almost positive that is Gaga. Who else looks that fierce with a millipede scuttling down their face? No one. That's who. This one is very American Horror Story. It's very similar to things they did for promos for Hotel. I mean, if it's a dirty, backwoods farm/woods theme, then bugs would be everywhere, right? But she seems pretty cool with that thing, so is she one of the bad guys? I hope so, because she wears villain really well.

10. Stray observations

So, there is a very creepy song that plays in many of the promos. It's almost like an old, country tune. It's a woman humming and it's only serving to terrify my soul and to reaffirm my notion that some backwoods shenanigans are coming our way. I am truly hoping for some classic horror like the movies I have mentioned above.

My only question is what Lady Gaga is possibly going to be doing out in the backwoods of who knows where? I am so curious. We know there is a definite homage to The Texas Chainsaw Massacre, The Hills Have Eyes and things of that nature. This season will be disturbing, guys. Get your big-kid pants on and plug in the night light.

American Horror Story Teaser

American Horror Story Teaser

Do you think American Horror Story is going to focus on some backwoods terror this upcoming season?

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